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" " (明治)
(1868-1912 )

(1868-1912 ). "" (明治) " " 8 1868 ܡ "" (睦仁) " " (明治天皇).

"" 1867 . - 19 1867 - "" (1837-1913 ) "" ѡ "".


"" " " (明治天皇)

" -" " " "" " -" " -" "" " " (1825-1883 ) "". . ڡ "" ɡ .

ɡ 3 1868 ɡ . ( ) "" .

() ( ) . ɡ . ɡ . : . : "" (長州) "" (薩摩) . ( 27 41 ) (1868 ). .

"" 1868 "" "". 1871 ɡ "" "-" . "" 1868 "" "-" 1603 . 1869 "" " " .

ɡ . 1869 "" ( "") "" ( "") 1875 "" . "" (1876 ) "" ("" ) 1879 .

1868 () " -" ɡ ڡ ɡ . .

" -" (西郷 隆盛) "-" ""

1871 ( ) . . ɡ . ɡ 1872 . ϡ (1873 ).

ʡ . " -" ʡ 1877 .

ʡ " " ( ) ( " "). 1871 1873 . . - 3000 1890 -  . ɡ . . : ޡ . ȡ ǡ . 1871 . 1890 .

" ": : " -" " " " " "" " -"

1870 . ( ɡ "" "") : " " " " ɡ . " -" 1874 " " (板垣 退助) (1837-1919 ) ɡ : " " 1881 " " (自由党).

ڡ ʡ 1868 . 1872 1877 . ( ) .

"-" ( ) ȡ ( ) . : 1871 "" "". 1870 ϡ Ѻ 1880 ( ) 1890 .

ϡ . : " " " " " " " " .

ɡ 1870-1880 1875 . " -" (大隈重信) . . 1882 : " ".

ɡ ǡ 1882 ʡ ( : "" 1870 ) . ɡ ɡ "" (三井) "" "". . ("" (三菱) "" (三井) "" (住友)...) ɡ ( ) ( )     "-" ( "-" ).


" " (伊藤 博文) (1841-1909 .)

1885 . " " ϡ . . 11 1889 . ( ) : ϡ ɡ ɡ . 463 363 . : 15 ( ). 450.000 .

ʡ ȡ . 1980 .

. ɡ ɡ . .

- (1894-1895 )

"" ɡ 80 ɡ . " -" 1895 .

"--" 17 1895 . ( ) ( ) "". ( ) .

- (1904-1905 )

. ɡ (1898 ) "" .

ǡ . 1902 . ǡ .

" " "" ɡ 10 1904 . "". . " " "" ( " " - -).


"" " " ( ) "" ( )

. . "" 5 1905 ǡ "" "" "". ǡ .

-ɡ - - " " ( ) . 1909 ( ) .

 
 
 

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